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Khan Academy: Algebra 2
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Khan Academy's Algebra 2 content might be best used as solid, at-home practice to support kids who struggle. The tutorials and instructional videos are clearly labeled with the topics commonly used in Algebra 2 classrooms. As with much of the site, the videos have a spur-of-the-moment feel. Some kids might enjoy the spontaneity of Sal's conversational tone, and it's probably best utilized to liven up at-home practice and review. However, many videos lack the organization expected of a well-articulated in-class lesson. Whether you're using the Missions or pointing students directly to specific tutorials, be sure to carefully screen content beforehand to make sure it aligns with your in-class instruction.
If using the Algebra 2 Mission, students will enjoy moving through the curriculum at their own pace as well as the immediate feedback on quizzes. This can be helpful for kids who need to catch up with a lot of material over a short time. Advanced students may not find the problems challenging enough; nevertheless, this could be useful practice for those looking to test out of the class. Advanced students could also go to the Community Questions section and earn badges by answering other students’ questions.
Standouts:
- The Community Question section does a great job of encouraging kids to teach each other.
- Some videos, like “Introduction to conic sections,” lack organization and may be hard to follow.
- “Trolls, Tolls, and Systems of Equations” presents a creative way to introduce this concept.
Full Disclosure: Khan Academy and Common Sense Education share funders; however, those relationships do not impact Common Sense Education's editorial independence and this learning rating.
Continue reading Show lessKey Standards Supported
Arithmetic With Polynomials And Rational Expressions
- HSA.APR.6
Rewrite simple rational expressions in different forms; write a(x)/b(x) in the form q(x) + r(x)/b(x), where a(x), b(x), q(x), and r(x) are polynomials with the degree of r(x) less than the degree of b(x), using inspection, long division, or, for the more complicated examples, a computer algebra system.
- HSA.APR.7
(+) Understand that rational expressions form a system analogous to the rational numbers, closed under addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division by a nonzero rational expression; add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational expressions.
- HSA.APR.4
Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. For example, the polynomial identity (x2 + y2)2 = (x2 – y2)2 + (2xy)2 can be used to generate Pythagorean triples.
- HSA.APR.5
(+) Know and apply the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of (x + y)n in powers of x and y for a positive integer n, where x and y are any numbers, with coefficients determined for example by Pascal’s Triangle.1
Building Functions
- HSF.BF.1
Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities.
- HSF.BF.1.a
Determine an explicit expression, a recursive process, or steps for calculation from a context.
- HSF.BF.1.c
(+) Compose functions. For example, if T(y) is the temperature in the atmosphere as a function of height, and h(t) is the height of a weather balloon as a function of time, then T(h(t)) is the temperature at the location of the weather balloon as a function of time.
- HSF.BF.2
Write arithmetic and geometric sequences both recursively and with an explicit formula, use them to model situations, and translate between the two forms.
- HSF.BF.3
Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f(x) by f(x) + k, k f(x), f(kx), and f(x + k) for specific values of k (both positive and negative); find the value of k given the graphs. Experiment with cases and illustrate an explanation of the effects on the graph using technology. Include recognizing even and odd functions from their graphs and algebraic expressions for them.
- HSF.BF.4
Find inverse functions.
- HSF.BF.5
(+) Understand the inverse relationship between exponents and logarithms and use this relationship to solve problems involving logarithms and exponents.
Creating Equations
- HSA.CED.1
Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to solve problems. Include equations arising from linear and quadratic functions, and simple rational and exponential functions.
- HSA.CED.2
Create equations in two or more variables to represent relationships between quantities; graph equations on coordinate axes with labels and scales.
- HSA.CED.3
Represent constraints by equations or inequalities, and by systems of equations and/or inequalities, and interpret solutions as viable or non- viable options in a modeling context. For example, represent inequalities describing nutritional and cost constraints on combinations of different foods.
- HSA.CED.4
Rearrange formulas to highlight a quantity of interest, using the same reasoning as in solving equations. For example, rearrange Ohm’s law V = IR to highlight resistance R.
Interpreting Functions
- HSF.IF.7
Graph functions expressed symbolically and show key features of the graph, by hand in simple cases and using technology for more complicated cases.
- HSF.IF.7.a
Graph linear and quadratic functions and show intercepts, maxima, and minima.
- HSF.IF.7.b
Graph square root, cube root, and piecewise-defined functions, including step functions and absolute value functions.
- HSF.IF.7.c
Graph polynomial functions, identifying zeros when suitable factorizations are available, and showing end behavior.
- HSF.IF.7.d
(+) Graph rational functions, identifying zeros and asymptotes when suitable factorizations are available, and showing end behavior.
- HSF.IF.7.e
Graph exponential and logarithmic functions, showing intercepts and end behavior, and trigonometric functions, showing period, midline, and amplitude.
- HSF.IF.8
Write a function defined by an expression in different but equivalent forms to reveal and explain different properties of the function.
- HSF.IF.8.a
Use the process of factoring and completing the square in a quadratic function to show zeros, extreme values, and symmetry of the graph, and interpret these in terms of a context.
- HSF.IF.9
Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions). For example, given a graph of one quadratic function and an algebraic expression for another, say which has the larger maximum.
- HSF.IF.4
For a function that models a relationship between two quantities, interpret key features of graphs and tables in terms of the quantities, and sketch graphs showing key features given a verbal description of the relationship. Key features include: intercepts; intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, positive, or negative; relative maximums and minimums; symmetries; end behavior; and periodicity.
- HSF.IF.5
Relate the domain of a function to its graph and, where applicable, to the quantitative relationship it describes. For example, if the function h(n) gives the number of person-hours it takes to assemble n engines in a factory, then the positive integers would be an appropriate domain for the function.
- HSF.IF.6
Calculate and interpret the average rate of change of a function (presented symbolically or as a table) over a specified interval. Estimate the rate of change from a graph.
- HSF.IF.1
Understand that a function from one set (called the domain) to another set (called the range) assigns to each element of the domain exactly one element of the range. If f is a function and x is an element of its domain, then f(x) denotes the output of f corresponding to the input x. The graph of f is the graph of the equation y = f(x).
- HSF.IF.2
Use function notation, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains, and interpret statements that use function notation in terms of a context.
- HSF.IF.3
Recognize that sequences are functions, sometimes defined recursively, whose domain is a subset of the integers. For example, the Fibonacci sequence is defined recursively by f(0) = f(1) = 1, f(n+1) = f(n) + f(n-1) for n ≥ 1.
Linear, Quadratic, And Exponential Models
- HSF.LE.1
Distinguish between situations that can be modeled with linear functions and with exponential functions.
- HSF.LE.2
Construct linear and exponential functions, including arithmetic and geometric sequences, given a graph, a description of a relationship, or two input-output pairs (include reading these from a table).
- HSF.LE.3
Observe using graphs and tables that a quantity increasing exponentially eventually exceeds a quantity increasing linearly, quadratically, or (more generally) as a polynomial function.
- HSF.LE.4
For exponential models, express as a logarithm the solution to abct =dwherea,c,anddarenumbersandthebasebis2,10,ore; evaluate the logarithm using technology.
- HSF.LE.5
Interpret the parameters in a linear or exponential function in terms of a context.
Reasoning With Equations And Inequalities
- HSA.REI.10
Understand that the graph of an equation in two variables is the set of all its solutions plotted in the coordinate plane, often forming a curve (which could be a line).
- HSA.REI.11
Explain why the x-coordinates of the points where the graphs of the equations y = f(x) and y = g(x) intersect are the solutions of the equation f(x) = g(x); find the solutions approximately, e.g., using technology to graph the functions, make tables of values, or find successive approximations. Include cases where f(x) and/or g(x) are linear, polynomial, rational, absolute value, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
- HSA.REI.12
Graph the solutions to a linear inequality in two variables as a half- plane (excluding the boundary in the case of a strict inequality), and graph the solution set to a system of linear inequalities in two variables as the intersection of the corresponding half-planes.
- HSA.REI.3
Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
- HSA.REI.4
Solve quadratic equations in one variable.
- HSA.REI.4.a
Use the method of completing the square to transform any quadratic equation in x into an equation of the form (x – p)2 = q that has the same solutions. Derive the quadratic formula from this form.
- HSA.REI.4.b
Solve quadratic equations by inspection (e.g., for x2 = 49), taking square roots, completing the square, the quadratic formula and factoring, as appropriate to the initial form of the equation. Recognize when the quadratic formula gives complex solutions and write them as a ± bi for real numbers a and b.
- HSA.REI.5
Prove that, given a system of two equations in two variables, replacing one equation by the sum of that equation and a multiple of the other produces a system with the same solutions.
- HSA.REI.6
Solve systems of linear equations exactly and approximately (e.g., with graphs), focusing on pairs of linear equations in two variables.
- HSA.REI.7
Solve a simple system consisting of a linear equation and a quadratic equation in two variables algebraically and graphically. For example, find the points of intersection between the line y = –3x and the circle x2 + y2 = 3.
- HSA.REI.8
(+) Represent a system of linear equations as a single matrix equation in a vector variable.
- HSA.REI.9
(+) Find the inverse of a matrix if it exists and use it to solve systems of linear equations (using technology for matrices of dimension 3 × 3 or greater).
- HSA.REI.1
Explain each step in solving a simple equation as following from the equality of numbers asserted at the previous step, starting from the assumption that the original equation has a solution. Construct a viable argument to justify a solution method.
- HSA.REI.2
Solve simple rational and radical equations in one variable, and give examples showing how extraneous solutions may arise.
Trigonometric Functions
- HSF.TF.1
Understand radian measure of an angle as the length of the arc on the unit circle subtended by the angle.
- HSF.TF.2
Explain how the unit circle in the coordinate plane enables the extension of trigonometric functions to all real numbers, interpreted as radian measures of angles traversed counterclockwise around the unit circle.
- HSF.TF.3
(+) Use special triangles to determine geometrically the values of sine, cosine, tangent for π/3, π/4 and π/6, and use the unit circle to express the values of sine, cosine, and tangent for π–x, π+x, and 2π–x in terms of their values for x, where x is any real number.
- HSF.TF.4
(+) Use the unit circle to explain symmetry (odd and even) and periodicity of trigonometric functions.
- HSF.TF.5
Choose trigonometric functions to model periodic phenomena with specified amplitude, frequency, and midline.
- HSF.TF.6
(+) Understand that restricting a trigonometric function to a domain on which it is always increasing or always decreasing allows its inverse to be constructed.
- HSF.TF.7
(+) Use inverse functions to solve trigonometric equations that arise in modeling contexts; evaluate the solutions using technology, and interpret them in terms of the context.
- HSF.TF.8
Prove the Pythagorean identity sin2(θ) + cos2(θ) = 1 and use it to calculate trigonometric ratios.
- HSF.TF.9
(+) Prove the addition and subtraction formulas for sine, cosine, and tangent and use them to solve problems.
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