WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:00.510 --> 00:00:04.540 When we go on the internet, it's common to scroll through other people's images, videos, 00:00:04.540 --> 00:00:06.360 writing, and artwork. 00:00:06.360 --> 00:00:09.680 We might even want to use them for projects in school, or at home. 00:00:09.680 --> 00:00:11.039 And we might think, 00:00:11.039 --> 00:00:13.470 "I found it online, so it's mine!" 00:00:13.470 --> 00:00:15.040 But that's not the case! 00:00:15.040 --> 00:00:18.080 We can't treat things we find online like a free-for-all. 00:00:18.260 --> 00:00:23.220 The good news is that there are legitimate ways to use material we find online. 00:00:23.220 --> 00:00:26.080 But first we need to be aware of three concepts: 00:00:26.080 --> 00:00:30.910 copyright, public domain, and fair use. 00:00:30.910 --> 00:00:33.150 Why is all of this so important? 00:00:33.150 --> 00:00:37.920 For one, there are legal reasons for protecting everyone's creative work. 00:00:37.920 --> 00:00:41.660 And there are also ethical reasons to give credit to the people who create the things 00:00:41.660 --> 00:00:43.789 we see and find online. 00:00:43.789 --> 00:00:47.839 Let's start with the legal reasons why we should think twice before copying and using 00:00:47.839 --> 00:00:49.829 someone's work. 00:00:49.829 --> 00:00:52.499 The first is copyright. 00:00:52.499 --> 00:00:57.190 Copyright is a legal protection that creators have over the things they create. 00:00:57.190 --> 00:01:02.780 Copyright requires people to get permission before they copy, paste, alter, or share what 00:01:02.780 --> 00:01:04.629 someone else has made. 00:01:04.629 --> 00:01:09.750 Most things that we find, download, and copy and paste from the internet are copyrighted. 00:01:09.750 --> 00:01:12.420 This means that the people who created them own the content 00:01:12.420 --> 00:01:15.300 and have a say in how they're used. 00:01:15.460 --> 00:01:19.240 But, that doesn't mean that everything on the internet can't be used. 00:01:19.240 --> 00:01:23.300 Some creators indicate that their content is OK to be used by others. 00:01:23.300 --> 00:01:27.450 And other content might fall under what's called "public domain." 00:01:27.450 --> 00:01:30.020 Let's look at what "public domain" means. 00:01:30.020 --> 00:01:34.010 When we search for content that's in the public domain, it means these creative works are 00:01:34.010 --> 00:01:39.730 not copyrighted and are free to use without permission, by anyone, however they want. 00:01:39.730 --> 00:01:44.620 According to U.S. law, some content becomes available as public domain after a certain 00:01:44.620 --> 00:01:47.540 number of years have passed since its creation. 00:01:47.540 --> 00:01:51.650 There are also specific images and documents published by the government that are considered 00:01:51.650 --> 00:01:52.650 public domain. 00:01:52.650 --> 00:01:55.960 So, when in doubt, search "public domain" 00:01:55.960 --> 00:01:59.280 to find a ton of things that are totally free to use. 00:01:59.320 --> 00:02:05.740 Now, if we want to use a photo, a video, music, or other content that's copyrighted, 00:02:05.751 --> 00:02:07.940 there are still a few things we can do. 00:02:07.940 --> 00:02:10.780 We can simply reach out and ask the creator for permission. 00:02:10.780 --> 00:02:14.080 Many creators are happy to give permission to reproduce their work, 00:02:14.080 --> 00:02:16.320 as long as they're given credit! 00:02:16.330 --> 00:02:20.680 The third concept to take advantage of is called "fair use." 00:02:20.680 --> 00:02:26.109 Fair use allows us to use copyrighted work without permission, but only in certain ways 00:02:26.109 --> 00:02:28.250 and in specific situations. 00:02:28.250 --> 00:02:30.860 These conditions involve four areas to consider: 00:02:30.860 --> 00:02:35.930 amount, purpose, nature, and effect. 00:02:35.930 --> 00:02:39.560 First … we can only use a small amount of the original work. 00:02:39.580 --> 00:02:44.000 This means someone can't copy that whole copyrighted song in their dance video, 00:02:44.000 --> 00:02:46.340 but they can use a short clip of it. 00:02:46.340 --> 00:02:51.639 Second, there has to be a new purpose in the project, meaning that we transform 00:02:51.639 --> 00:02:54.379 the original work into something new and different! 00:02:54.379 --> 00:02:59.819 Next, it's easier to claim fair use if the nature of the original work is nonfiction 00:02:59.819 --> 00:03:03.349 or based in fact, rather than creative or fictional. 00:03:03.349 --> 00:03:08.269 And finally … we need to ask ourselves whether the effect of the new work negatively affects 00:03:08.269 --> 00:03:11.319 the creator or the value of the original content. 00:03:11.319 --> 00:03:16.510 For instance, are we charging for, or making money off, someone else's work? 00:03:16.510 --> 00:03:19.989 Claiming fair use is determined on a case by-base-basis. 00:03:19.989 --> 00:03:22.480 But it's more likely acceptable if it's 00:03:22.480 --> 00:03:25.220 1) for schoolwork and education, 00:03:25.220 --> 00:03:28.720 2) for criticizing or commenting on something 00:03:28.720 --> 00:03:34.420 3) for news reporting, or 4) for comedy or as a parody of something. 00:03:34.420 --> 00:03:36.980 We can think of fair use kind of like a square. 00:03:36.980 --> 00:03:40.769 And ask ourselves … is it fair and square? 00:03:40.769 --> 00:03:42.700 So that's the legal stuff. 00:03:42.700 --> 00:03:47.669 But let's not forget the ethical considerations when using content found online. 00:03:47.669 --> 00:03:52.500 Think about it: If you created something original and put it online, wouldn't you want others 00:03:52.500 --> 00:03:55.150 to give you credit for your work? 00:03:55.150 --> 00:03:57.220 What if they changed it, or made money off it, 00:03:57.220 --> 00:04:00.000 and no one knew you were the original creator? 00:04:00.000 --> 00:04:02.580 That's just not right. 00:04:02.580 --> 00:04:06.160 So remember, when we go online in search of things to use, 00:04:06.160 --> 00:04:08.480 keep these three concepts in mind: 00:04:08.489 --> 00:04:12.510 copyright, public domain, and fair use. 00:04:12.510 --> 00:04:14.739 We're all creative thinkers and creators! 00:04:14.739 --> 00:04:18.070 And it's always important to give credit where credit is due.