- W.3.1
Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons.
- W.3.1a
Introduce the topic or text they are writing about, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure that lists reasons.
- W.3.1b
Provide reasons that support the opinion.
- W.3.1c
Use linking words and phrases (e.g., because, therefore, since, for example) to connect opinion and reasons.
- W.3.1d
Provide a concluding statement or section.
- W.3.2
Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
- W.3.2a
Introduce a topic and group related information together; include illustrations when useful to aiding comprehension.
- W.3.2b
Develop the topic with facts, definitions, and details.
- W.3.2c
Use linking words and phrases (e.g., also, another, and, more, but) to connect ideas within categories of information.
- W.3.2d
Provide a concluding statement or section.
- W.3.3
Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences.
- W.3.3a
Establish a situation and introduce a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally.
- W.3.3b
Use dialogue and descriptions of actions, thoughts, and feelings to develop experiences and events or show the response of characters to situations.
- W.3.3c
Use temporal words and phrases to signal event order.
- W.3.3d
Provide a sense of closure.
- W.3.4
With guidance and support from adults, produce writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task and purpose. (Grade-specific expectations for writing types are defined in standards 1–3 above.)
- W.3.5
With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, and editing.
- W.3.6
With guidance and support from adults, use technology to produce and publish writing (using keyboarding skills) as well as to interact and collaborate with others.
- W.4.1
Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.
- W.4.1a
Introduce a topic or text clearly, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure in which related ideas are grouped to support the writer’s purpose.
- W.4.1b
Provide reasons that are supported by facts and details.
- W.4.1c
Link opinion and reasons using words and phrases (e.g., for instance, in order to, in addition).
- W.4.1d
Provide a concluding statement or section related to the opinion presented.
- W.4.2
Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
- W.4.2a
Introduce a topic clearly and group related information in paragraphs and sections; include formatting (e.g., headings), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
- W.4.2b
Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic.
- W.4.2c
Link ideas within categories of information using words and phrases (e.g., another, for example, also, because).
- W.4.2d
d.Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
- W.4.2e
Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented.
- W.4.3
Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences.
- W.4.3a
Orient the reader by establishing a situation and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally.
- W.4.3b
Use dialogue and description to develop experiences and events or show the responses of characters to situations.
- W.4.3c
Use a variety of transitional words and phrases to manage the sequence of events.
- W.4.3d
Use concrete words and phrases and sensory details to convey experiences and events precisely.
- W.4.3e
Provide a conclusion that follows from the narrated experiences or events.
- W.4.4
Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. (Grade-specific expectations for writing types are defined in standards 1–3 above.)
- W.4.5
With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, and editing.
- W.4.6
With some guidance and support from adults, use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing as well as to interact and collaborate with others; demonstrate sufficient command of keyboarding skills to type a minimum of one page in a single sitting.
- W.5.1
Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.
- W.5.1a
Introduce a topic or text clearly, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure in which ideas are logically grouped to support the writer’s purpose.
- W.5.1b
Provide logically ordered reasons that are supported by facts and details.
- W.5.1c
Link opinion and reasons using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., consequently, specifically).
- W.5.1d
Provide a concluding statement or section related to the opinion presented.
- W.5.2
Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
- W.5.2a
Introduce a topic clearly, provide a general observation and focus, and group related information logically; include formatting (e.g., headings), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
- W.5.2b
Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic.
- W.5.2c
Link ideas within and across categories of information using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., in contrast, especially).
- W.5.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
- W.5.2e
Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented.
- W.5.3
Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences.
- W.5.3a
Orient the reader by establishing a situation and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally.
- W.5.3b
Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, description, and pacing, to develop experiences and events or show the responses of characters to situations.
- W.5.3c
Use a variety of transitional words, phrases, and clauses to manage the sequence of events.
- W.5.3d
Use concrete words and phrases and sensory details to convey experiences and events precisely.
- W.5.3e
Provide a conclusion that follows from the narrated experiences or events.
- W.5.4
Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. (Grade-specific expectations for writing types are defined in standards 1–3 above.)
- W.5.5
With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach.
- W.5.6
With some guidance and support from adults, use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing as well as to interact and collaborate with others; demonstrate sufficient command of keyboarding skills to type a minimum of two pages in a single sitting.
- W.7.1
Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
- W.7.1a
Introduce claim(s), acknowledge alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.
- W.7.1b
Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using accurate, credible sources and demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text.
- W.7.1c
Use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among claim(s), reasons, and evidence.
- W.7.1d
Establish and maintain a formal style.
- W.7.1e
Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.
- W.7.2
Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
- W.7.2a
Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
- W.7.2b
Develop the topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples.
- W.7.2c
Use appropriate transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.
- W.7.2d
Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
- W.7.2e
Establish and maintain a formal style.
- W.7.2f
Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.
- W.7.3
Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, relevant descriptive details, and well-structured event sequences.
- W.7.3a
Engage and orient the reader by establishing a context and point of view and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally and logically.
- W.7.3b
Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, and description, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters.
- W.7.3c
Use a variety of transition words, phrases, and clauses to convey sequence and signal shifts from one time frame or setting to another.
- W.7.3d
Use precise words and phrases, relevant descriptive details, and sensory language to capture the action and convey experiences and events.
- W.7.3e
Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on the narrated experiences or events.